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Homogeneous Dispersion of Ultrafine Graphite in High-Viscosity Base Oil

Fristam Powder Mixer PM 03 Enables Reliable Lubricant Additive Integration

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Introduction to the application and industry overview

In lubricant manufacturing, the incorporation of solid additives such as graphite into base oils is essential for achieving enhanced wear resistance, thermal stability and long-term performance.

However, dispersing ultrafine powders into high-viscosity oils remains a significant process challenge. Graphite is particularly difficult to handle due to its tendency to agglomerate, float or settle if not properly wetted and dispersed.

In many lubricant applications, especially new product development, there is no established mixing methodology, creating risk for production teams and uncertainty for process engineers responsible for scale-up.

This case study outlines how a lubricant manufacturer implemented Fristam Powder Mixer technology to establish a reliable and repeatable dispersion process for a previously unproven application.

Customer brief

The customer required a mixing solution capable of dispersing: 480 kg (1,058 lbs) of ultrafine graphite powder into 1,340 kg (2,955 lbs) of base oil – with a viscosity of 460 cSt, in temperatures up to 55 °C (131 °F).

They required:

  • Homogeneous and stable dispersion
  • Prevention of agglomeration, floating and sedimentation
  • Repeatable process performance for production scale
  • Reduced risk in developing a new lubricant formulation
fristam-pm-powder-mixer

Fristam’s solution

Fristam supplied a custom Powder Mixer PM 03 skid, configured for this application:

 

  • FSP 3532 (15 kW / 20 HP) for high-viscosity fluid handling and mixing
  • FZ 22 (11 kW / 15 HP) for controlled powder induction
  • Industrial skid-mounted design for non-hygienic environments
  • Operation capability at 55 °C (131 °F)

This solution combined controlled powder induction with robust mixing performance, enabling efficient processing of abrasive graphite particles.

Trial Set-Up

Trials were conducted at the Fristam facility using the customer’s materials.

1. Liquid Recirculation
Base oil was circulated to establish stable flow conditions.

2. Powder Induction
Graphite powder was introduced via suction, ensuring immediate wetting and controlled feeding.

3. Mixing and Dispersion
The system processed the mixture under controlled conditions, overcoming challenges associated with viscosity and powder behaviour.

4. Validation
Trials confirmed consistent, homogeneous dispersion, enabling confident scale-up.

Fristam’s solution

A successful outcome with the Fristam Powder Mixer

Following installation, the customer achieved:

  • Reliable dispersion of ultrafine graphite in high-viscosity oil
  • Homogeneous, stable and repeatable product quality
  • Elimination of previous mixing inconsistencies
  • Readiness for commercial product launch

The success of the project also demonstrated that:

  • Live trials are critical when no established process exists
  • Effective powder induction is key to controlling difficult materials like graphite
  • Specialised mixing technology is required for high-viscosity and abrasive applications
  • Proven performance supports scale-up and multi-site implementation, with further deployment under consideration at the customer’s Germany facility

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Process / Product quality benefits

Process / Product quality benefits

  • Uniform dispersion of ultrafine graphite
  • Stable and consistent lubricant formulation
  • Elimination of agglomerates and uneven distribution
  • Repeatable mixing performance
Financial benefits

Financial benefits

  • Reduced risk of batch failure and material waste
  • Faster product development and time-to-market
  • Lower rework and process inefficiencies
Operational Benefits

Operational Benefits

  • Compact skid design for easy integration
  • Straightforward operation for production teams
  • Scalable solution for future product expansion

Similar applications

Fristam Powder Mixer technology is widely used in industrial processes requiring reliable powder induction, high-viscosity mixing and uniform dispersion of solid additives into liquids.

Typical applications include:

  • Dispersion of solid lubricant additives (e.g. graphite, molybdenum disulphide) into base oils
  • Mixing of thickeners and rheology modifiers into lubricants and greases
  • Incorporation of carbon black and pigments into oils, coatings and chemical formulations
  • Preparation of additive concentrates for industrial and automotive lubricants
  • Mixing of abrasive powders into high-viscosity carrier fluids
  • Production of metalworking fluids and cutting oils with suspended solids
  • Dispersion of functional fillers into polymer or chemical liquid systems
  • Incorporation of powdered corrosion inhibitors and performance additives into liquid formulations
  • Mixing of mineral and synthetic additives into specialty oils
  • Preparation of high-viscosity chemical slurries requiring controlled powder wetting
  • Dispersion of fine powders into viscous resins and binders in industrial processing

Frequently Asked Questions

Dispersing graphite powder in high-viscosity oil requires controlled powder induction combined with sufficient shear. Inline powder mixers, such as the Fristam PM system, draw powder directly into the liquid stream, ensuring immediate wetting and preventing agglomeration, floating or sedimentation.

In addition to mixing & blending technology – check out Fristam’s full range of pumping technologies suitable for the beverage industry.

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